African migrants flock to Yemen despite the country's difficult conditions
Summary
The Horn of Africa and Yemen migration corridor sees a surge in departures, with an 18% increase from Ethiopia in 2024 compared to 2023.
A boat capsized off the coast of Yemen in June 2024, resulting in at least 49 deaths including women and children.
Children are especially vulnerable on this journey, and urgent action is needed to address the root causes of migration, improve protection measures, and establish safe alternatives.
The Horn of Africa and Yemen corridor, also known as the Eastern Corridor, remains one of the world's busiest and most dangerous migration routes. Hundreds of thousands of people, primarily Ethiopians and Somalis, embark on this perilous journey seeking better opportunities in the Arabian Peninsula.
A new report by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) sheds light on the complex dynamics at play, highlighting the increasing number of migrants, the dangers they face, and the ongoing challenges.
The report paints a concerning picture of rising migration. Between January and June of 2024, IOM tracked around 108,000 departures from Ethiopia alone, an 18% increase compared to the same period in 2023. This trend extends to other points along the route.
Movements tracked in Obock, Djibouti, towards the Arabian Peninsula saw a staggering 58% increase between May and June, surpassing all previous records. Similarly, Bossaso in Somalia witnessed a 43% rise in migrant movements compared to the first half of 2023. These figures indicate a significant increase in the flow of people attempting the journey, despite ongoing efforts to curb irregular migration.
The desperation driving migration is evident in the willingness of people to risk their lives. A harrowing example occurred in June 2024 when a boat carrying 260 migrants, mostly Ethiopians and Somalis, capsized off the coast of Yemen. This tragic incident resulted in the deaths of at least 49 migrants, with 140 others missing. Among the deceased were 31 women and 6 children, highlighting the human cost of this irregular migration.
Children are especially vulnerable on this treacherous journey. The report emphasizes the need for increased focus on protecting children's rights throughout the migration process. They are susceptible to exploitation, abuse, and trafficking at every stage, from recruitment to the journey itself and upon arrival in destination countries.
The findings of this report call for urgent action from governments in the region and the international community. Addressing the root causes of migration, such as poverty, conflict, and lack of opportunities, is crucial for stemming the flow of people resorting to irregular and dangerous routes. Additionally, ensuring the safety and protection of migrants, particularly children, throughout their journeys is paramount. This includes providing access to necessities like food, water, and shelter, as well as safeguarding them from exploitation and violence.
Investing in regional cooperation is also essential. Collaboration between countries of origin, transit, and destination is necessary to establish safe and regular migration channels, improve border management practices, and combat smuggling networks. Furthermore, providing viable alternatives for those seeking to leave their home countries, such as through skills development programs and job creation initiatives, can offer safer and more sustainable solutions.
The situation on the Eastern Corridor remains dire. Increased migration flows, and tragic accidents paint a grim picture. Concerted efforts by all stakeholders are needed to address the underlying causes, enhance protections for migrants, and ultimately, create a more humane and secure migration environment.
@IOM
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